Executive Order 14357 lowers an extra duty on products of the People’s Republic of China from 20 percent to 10 percent. The order was signed at the White House on Nov. 4, 2025, and was published in the Federal Register on Nov. 7, 2025.
The lower rate replaces a 20 percent extra duty that applied under an earlier order, as amended. It covers goods brought in for consumption, or released from a warehouse for that purpose, at or after 12:01 a.m. eastern standard time on Nov. 10, 2025. An ad valorem duty is a charge set as a percentage of a product’s value.
The order links the cut to steps it says China pledged after talks with the United States. According to the order, China committed to significant measures to stop fentanyl from reaching the United States. Those steps include ending shipments of certain designated chemicals to North America and tight export controls on certain other chemicals to every destination worldwide.
The order states that, because of those pledges, the United States agreed to cut the extra duty from 20 percent to 10 percent, effective Nov. 10, 2025. It says the reduction is necessary and appropriate to deal with a national emergency declared in Executive Order 14195 of Feb. 1, 2025.
That February order found that China’s failure to blunt a sustained flow of synthetic opioids, including fentanyl, was an unusual and extraordinary threat to U.S. national security, foreign policy, and the economy, with its source in substantial part outside the United States. It imposed an extra 10 percent duty on articles that are products of China, as defined in a Federal Register notice described in that order. Executive Order 14228 of March 3, 2025, raised the extra duty from 10 percent to 20 percent, citing what that order described as inadequate steps by China.
To put the cut in place, the order changes the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, the official list of import duty rates. It replaces the 20 percent figure with 10 percent in the relevant heading and note, drops a cross-reference in that heading, and substitutes Nov. 10, 2025, for March 4, 2025, in the note.
The order directs the Secretary of Homeland Security, consulting the United States International Trade Commission, to decide whether any further tariff-schedule changes are needed and to make them by notice in the Federal Register.
The secretary must keep watching the conditions behind the emergency, including China’s progress on the commitments described in the order, and any other relevant factors. Those consultations are to include both the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury, as well as any further officials the homeland security secretary considers appropriate. Updates on those conditions are to be provided from time to time. The order says that if China does not carry out the commitments, its signer may modify the order as needed to deal with the emergency.
The same secretary, consulting the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, and the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security, is to keep reporting any circumstance that in their opinion might call for further action. Those officials are to keep recommending additional steps that, in their opinion, will deal with the emergency declared in the February order.
The order directs and authorizes the Secretary of Homeland Security to take the actions needed to carry it out, including rules, regulations, or guidance, and to use powers granted to the President, including under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. The secretary may assign those functions to others inside the Department of Homeland Security. All executive departments and agencies are told to take appropriate measures within their authority. The order says implementation must follow applicable law and depends on available appropriations.